Mixed methods

Many research studies draw upon multiple techniques of data collection and analysis.

The term ‘mixed methods’ is often used as a descriptor of research studies, and there is a literature exploring this notion.

“Unfortunately, there are least three senses in which the term mixed methods tends to be used:

• A study is described as mixed methods because it uses several different techniques to collect and analyse data – I will label this meaning as MM-T (for techniques);
• A study is described as mixed methods because it collects and analyses a both quantitative and qualitative data – I will label this meaning as MM-D (for data);

1. •A study is described as mixed methods because it includes elements of both main research paradigms (ERP1 and ERP2, see Chapter 3) – I will label this meaning as MM-P (for paradigms)....” (Taber, 2013: 112).
   

MM-P research may prove challenging:

"To address specifically the issue of mixing ideas associated with research paradigms, we have introduced a concept called commensurability validity or legitimation, which is “the extent to which the meta-inferences made [in a mixed methods study] reflect a mixed worldview based on the cognitive process of Gestalt switching and integration” (Onwuegbuzie & Johnson, 2006, p.57). Commensurability legitimation will not be possible for many researchers, and it is difficult to learn how to switch perspectives and create new perspectives, but we believe that it is possible and desired. The strong (or fully) mixed methods position, we argue, is developed only after explicit and systematic consideration of qualitative and quantitative perspectives." (Johnson, Onwuegbuzie, & Turner 2007: 127)

Johnson, R. B., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., & Turner, L. A. (2007). Toward a Definition of Mixed Methods Research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1, 112-133.

Taber, K. S. (2013). Classroom-based Research and Evidence-based Practice: An introduction (2nd ed.). London: Sage.

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