theories are guesses

An example of how a learner understood the status of theories:

"a theory is … a guess, but it's a very scientific guess…

once you've got a theory, you have to work on it until it can be proved

they did a number of experiments and it was proved that ['big bang' theory] was the only way the universe could've started"

'Andrea', 13-14 year old reported in Taber, K. S., Billingsley, B., Riga, F., & Newdick, H. (2015). English secondary students' thinking about the status of scientific theories: consistent, comprehensive, coherent and extensively evidenced explanations of aspects of the natural world – or just 'an idea someone has'. The Curriculum Journal, 1-34. doi: 10.1080/09585176.2015.1043926

Read about learners ideas of scientific theories

Author: Keith

Former school and college science teacher, teacher educator, research supervisor, and research methods lecturer. Emeritus Professor of Science Education at the University of Cambridge.