An example of extended metaphor in historical science writing,
"Furthermore, concerning my learned teacher [Copernicus] I should like you to hold the opinion and be fully convinced that for him there is nothing better or more important than walking in the footsteps of Ptolemy and following, as Ptolemy did, the ancients and those who were much earlier than himself. However, when he became aware that the phenomena, which control the astronomer, and mathematics compelled him to make certain assumptions even against his wishes, it was enough, he thought, if he aimed his arrows by the same method to the same target as Ptolemy, even though he employed a bow and arrows of far different type of material from Ptolemy's."
Rheticus (1959) The Narratio Prima (1539, Translated by. E. Rosen), in Three Copernican Treatises (Ed. E. Rosen) Dover Publications (pp.107-196).
This seems to be an analogy, except it is not made explicit how (i) the target, (ii) the method of aiming arrows (a bow), and (iii) the material used to make the bows and arrows map onto the science (perhaps understanding the structure of the universe; building models and comparing them with observational data; and the data of different precision and reliability available to Ptolemy and Copernicus?)
