An example of metaphor used in writing about science:
"In the eighteenth century, evolutionary theories built on the progressive narrative of the German Idealists. Reimagining the Neopolatonic hierarchy as a movement from simple to complex, biologists began to make sense of evidence that species have changed through time (e.g., fossils). The scala naturae, or ladder of nature, became an elevator."
Lucas John Mix (2018) Life Concepts from Aristotle to Darwin. On vegetable souls. Cham, Switzerland: palgrave macmillan.
As the ladder of nature (also known as the great chain of being) was already a metaphor, this might be seen as an extended metaphor.
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Read about examples of science metaphors
Many examples of science metaphors are listed in 'Creative comparisons: Making science familiar through language. An illustrative catalogue of figurative comparisons and analogies for science concepts'. Free Download.