Y12 – Science-Education-Research

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Year 12 of the English school system (typically for 16-17 year old students) – what used to be known as the 'lower sixth form'

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Calcium and oxygen would not need to bond, they would just combine…
Na+ has an extra electron in its outer shell and Cl- is minus an electron
Sodium has one extra electron in its outer shell, and chlorine is minus an electron, so by force pulls they would hold together
Electrons repel each other, keeping them out of the nucleus
Electrons would contain some of the element

Author: Keith

Former school and college science teacher, teacher educator, research supervisor, and research methods lecturer. Emeritus Professor of Science Education at the University of Cambridge. View all posts by Keith