A topic in research methodology
Case study is a methodology (research strategy) where enquiry is focused on one particular instance, among many. This is often justified in terms of the complexity of a phenomenon, which needs to be studied in depth.
Case study therefore usually involves in depth collection and/or analysis of data, which can support reporting a thick description of the case.
Commonly case studies involve multiple forms of data collection, and often different 'slices of data' are compared to seek triangulation between data sources:
"Case studies typically combine data collection methods such as archives, interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The evidence may be qualitative (e.g., words), quantitative (e.g., numbers), or both"
Eisenhardt, 1989: 534-535
Case study is often selected when a phenomenon is seen as complex, and involves a range of interacting factors. This is often the case when we explore aspects of teaching and learning where many 'variables' are at work. Case studies often involve the collection of data from several of documentation, observation, interview, focus groups, questionnaires, etcetera. Often it is possible to 'triangulate' the different data source to see if they offer a consistent picture of the case.
Source cited:
- Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building Theories from Case Study Research. The Academy of Management Review, 14(4), 532-550.
My introduction to educational research:
Taber, K. S. (2013). Classroom-based Research and Evidence-based Practice: An introduction (2nd ed.). London: Sage.
