genes struggle to contain selfish elements

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An example of anthropomorphism in popular science writing:

"The war inside is between rogue selfish elements that want to proliferate wildly and the individual organism. With genes struggling to contain selfish elements, viruses continually invading, and trillions of cells working together to keep bodies functioning, multicellular bodies are a confederation of parts that arose at different times, sometimes in different places. These parts, some in conflict, some cooperating…."

Neil Shubin

Shubin, N. (2020). Some Assembly Required. Decoding four billion years of life, from ancient fossils to DNA. Oneworld Publications.

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Author: Keith

Former school and college science teacher, teacher educator, research supervisor, and research methods lecturer. Emeritus Professor of Science Education at the University of Cambridge.